Gouds History
Kalchuris are one of the major communities of Inida, but divided into many clans and
sects due to historical and cultural reasons. The Kalachuris, were also known as
Haihayas. Kalli means a long moustache and churi a sharp knife, thus the name Kalchuris.
They grow moustache and carrying a knife always as part of tradition or job.
The bloody war between Brahmins lead by Parasurama on one side and the Kshatriyas lead by
Sahasrarjuna on the other side which divided the people of vedic origin into two eternal
rivals. Parasurama launched a series of wars for 21 times to carry out mass killing of
Kshatriyas to avenge the death of his father Jamadagni at the hands of Sahsrarjunas
sons.
The Kshatriyas who suffered a mass annihilation at the hands of Brahmins established a
separate religion for themselves based on the principles of Shiva (Jina) worship to
unitedly fight Brahmin domination. They have associated with with Dravidian warrior
kings.
In 2nd century B.C. the great Kalchuri emperor Kharval organised a convention of 3000
Jain monks at Kumari Parvat and Jain Agams were compiled there. Kalachuri kings ruled
from many places like Tripuri, Gorakhpur, Ratnapur, Rajpur etc and migrated to the south
and made Mangalavedhe or Mangalavada their capital. Their emblem was Suvarna Vrishabha
or the golden bull.
Kalchuris ruled over a powerful kingdom comprising Gujarat, Northern Maharashtra, and
some parts of Malwa. Kalachuri Empire of Central India (west Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan)
was called Chedi or Haihaya and are supposed to be offshoot of Abhira of Traikutika
dynasty. They ruled over northern Maharashtra, Malwa and western Deccan from their
capital Mahismati situated in the Narmada river valley.
Another famous Kalchuri king was Bijjal ruled from Annigeri, Karnataka in 12th century.
Bijjala established the authority over Karnataka after wresting power from the
Chalukyas. Bijjala was succeeded by his sons Someshwara and Sangama. Their rule was a
short and turbulent and very important from a the socio-religious movement point of
view. A new sect called the Lingayat or Virashaiva sect was founded during these times.
It is also believed that there are some sections of Reddies having descendancy from
Kalchuris. Kalchuris are worshipers of Shiv and Shakti and Kalchuri Kings have
constructed many Shiv temples as well as temples of Shakti.
Majority of Kalchuris call themselves as Kalars which is a name given to the people who
are engaged in liquor business. There are similar communities in different parts of
India involved in same profession and background. Among them are Ezhavas or Thiyyas of
Kerala, Billavas and Thiyya billavas of South Kannada region, Edigas of Karnataka,
Bhandari of Maharastra, Nadars of Tamilnadu, Gouds of Andhra, Durave and Nalaver of
Srilanka are from the same roots.
Aarya |
Gangbhoj |
Pardesi |
Ahake |
Gopaliya |
Maratha Kalar |
Aharwal |
Goud |
Pareta |
Ahluwalia |
Gulhare |
Pashine |
Baranwal |
Gupta |
Patel |
Batham |
Idiga |
Porwal |
Bhagat |
Jain Jaiswal |
Prasad |
Bhoyar |
Jain Kalar |
Purviya |
Bhoyare |
Jaisar |
Rai |
Billava |
Jaiswal |
Sahu |
Bisane |
Jamaiwar |
Sewaiwar |
Chauragade |
Karnwal |
Shanicharaha |
Chaurewar |
Kawle |
Shione |
Choudhary |
Kharidaha |
Shivhare |
Chouksey |
Khubele |
Shoundik |
Dadsena |
Lanjekar |
Sundhi |
Dahake |
Lohiya |
Sirmoria |
Daharwal |
Mahawar |
Somvanshi |
Dhapade |
Malviya |
Sonwani |
Dhapare |
Meshram |
Sugnadhi |
Dhapare Dhapade |
Meshram |
Suwalka |
Dholakiya |
Mewada |
Talwar |
Dhuware |
Nandhediya |
Tikkiwal
|
Diyewar |
Nashine |
Verma |
Dohare |
Neorgade |
Vyahut |
Duvadhapar |
Niwnaaha |
Walia
|
Duve |
Padiyar |
Zendaha |
Ezhava |
Palewar |
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These people together number an estimated 100 million worldwide and mostly live in
Western and Northern India, South India, Nepal, Central and Western Pakistan, Eastern
Afghanistan, Germany.
Kalchuris made a great contribution in propagating Jainism and creating Jain
architectural monuments in South India. Kalchuris of Tamil Nadu were known as Kalabhras
under whom Jainism and Buddhism became popular in their territories.
They became anti-Brahmin crusaders in South India and snatched away the lands possessed
by Brahmins as Brahmadeyas. They ruled over the entire South India for about 300 years
and spread Buddhism. They sponsored Buddhist literature of highest moral and ethical
values. It is believed that Thirupathi was a great Buddhist Centre during the Kalabhra
rule. Other famous and popular pilgrim centres like Sabarimala and Guruvayoor were also
Buddhist centres during the Kalabhra rule.
As followers of Jainism and Buddhism they prohibited animal sacrifices in rituals. The
Kalabhra rule in the Tamil country had witnessed the growth of education and literature.
The Jain Palli had remained important educational centers during the Kalabhra rule.
Kalabhras fought against Brahmin supremacy and were abused by Brahmin epigraphists after
their rule ended.The Kalchuris of South India seems to have switched over to Buddhism
when Ashoka ruled part of South India.
Due to suppression by the followers of ideology these sect of people were compelled to
go with Jainism and Buddhism because of the unjustifiable casteism and untouchability
which was enforced by the upper community. It has reached its peak during 19th century
and the life of this sect was almost worst than animals.
During this time Sree Narayana Guru took birth . He was born as a divine child and from
the age of 6 itself he has been showing many miracles. At the age of 30 he learned all
Vedas and Upanishads and also completed his reverence and he has became spiritual guru
respected by all people in the southern part of India.
The Kalchuri sect in Kerala was known as Ezhavas who lined up with Sree Narayana Guru
who preached against the existing system of humiliation to this sector of people who
were termed as lower caste and brought in revolutionary changes.
He advised our people to get educated and liberated, and get united and be strong. All
of us know Kerala is the only state having 100% literacy and the World Health
Organisation recognized Kerala as the model for healthcare and cleanliness. All this is
the result of Sree Narayana Gurus vision and work.
Conclusion: From the above it is evident that under pressure these communities were
deprived of power. Their common living rights were denied for generations by the upper
communities. The history reveals that this sect of people was physically strong rulers
and had a very rich heritage. Even though in every state of India people of this sect is
living they are not together. In the present democratic system unless there is unity,
one cannot get into the decision making ministry.
A common platform is the demand of the time to propagate the message of equality and
peace among humanity. Hence it is essential to focus at unity. We will also find a large
number of poor people among the group. We should work for uplift of them is to provide
education. Hence one of our focus should be on unity and education.
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